Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and some of vegetation Indicators for the Monitoring Desertification and Sand dunes in the Baiji/ Iraq

Abstract

The study aims for using ( NDVI ) and some of the vegetation Indicators for the Monitoring of the change Desertification and fixing the Sand dunes in the Baiji region , as well as , the effect of soil management in some optical characteristic for  sand dunes . As involved  field working on the choice of the representative location  of the sand dunes in the ​​Baiji region , were collected and obtaining some samples of the sand  dunes are fixed and non-fixed, either laboratory work is involve  preparation process samples from drying and sieving and make some measurements and analysis of the following: particle size distribution and index dry aggregate disaggregated, organic matter, lime, gypsum, EC and pH. Whereas office work involved  for  obtaining more than  satellite images  and the multi-dates different and which have been accounts values ​​ indicators plants which is the (NDVI, VI, SAVI, MSAVI, IPVI, NDSDI, CI), and through the work of the NDVI map, as well as the classification of the  NDVI images to determine the degree of deterioration of vegetation on the basis of  range of assistance programs as a ERDAS, ArcGIS and Matlab. As well as calculated digital value to color intensity , which represents the spectral reflectivity at each banded spectral. The results reached there are high content of IDAD sand dunes fixed. Found the results to the dominant of degrees of severe deterioration and severe very sand dunes , while the degrees of deterioration of light and moderate relatively less , but there are increased a relative in the years 2010 and 2011 compared to previous 1976 and 1990, and found the results to the increase values ​​of the indicators plant fixed sites while was very low in locations that are non fixed. Found that the numerical values ​​of the color intensity was high in the dunes is non-fixed and low in the fixed dunes.