Investigation of Hydraulic Conductivity and Infiltration Capacity in Qushtapa and Shamamik Area in Erbil Basin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Abstract
This study examined soil hydraulic conductivity and infiltration capacity in the Qushtapa and Shamamik areas of the Erbil Basin. This study used the double-ring infiltrometer to measure soil infiltration capacity, grain-size analysis to determine soil textural characteristics, and the Hazen equation to derive soil hydraulic conductivity. Twenty infiltration tests and soil sample collections were done at the same location to assess the variability of these parameters across the study region. The results indicated that infiltration capacity was higher in soil samples with greater effective diameter (d10) and, consequently, showed higher hydraulic conductivity (K). The constant infiltration capacity ranged between 0.9 cm/h in Shamamik and 6 cm/h in Qushtapa. The infiltration results were close to those predicted by the Horton model. The soil of the investigated sites was classified as moderately to highly permeable. The findings of this study provide substantial data for irrigation and agricultural practices, land use planning, and best practices for sustainable water resource management in the region.
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