ATM Gene Mutations in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients in Kurdistan Region -Iraq
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Abstract
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, often discovered incidentally in asymptomatic patients who show peripheral blood lymphocytosis during routine blood tests. Pathogenic variants in the protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, situated on the long arm of chromosome 11 (11q22–23), are implicated in the development of ataxia-telangiectasia, a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder. To meet the requirements of the study, 50 patients who were suffering from CLL at Nanakli Hospital for Blood Diseases and Cancer in Erbil City and 20 healthy individuals as a control group in both sexes of different age groups were chosen. To detect possible mutations in the ATM gene exons 19 and intron 19 and 20, which are located among these exons, the Sanger sequencing method was utilized. The results showed missense mutations in only two cases. Additionally, one case exhibited a mutation in intron 19. However, ATM gene mutations are not a suitable diagnostic or evaluative marker for CLL epidemiology in our population. Among patients aged 61–70 years diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 60% are male, while only 40% are female. Also, by occupation, the highest proportion of cases was among female homemakers (30%), followed by male dyers (20%).
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