Antifungal activity of Flavonoids and Tannins Extracted from Geranium lucidum L against some pathogenic fungi
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the effectiveness of anti-fungal extracts Aqueous[hot and cold water] and alcoholic (ethanolic and Methanolic) plant Geranium lucidum developing northern Iraq on four types innate nurse (Microsprum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Pencillium chrysogenum and Fusarium oxysporeum) and the content Tannins content and Flavonoids content using HPLC technique, and aimed to draw Glycoside content and Tannin content and test its effectiveness against fungi aforementioned and compared it by extracts, The results showed that the studied plant contained all the active compounds that were detected. The effectiveness of all studied extracts against the tested fungi showed that the water extract (hot at an average of 11.19 mm and cold with an average of 10.27 mm) and the methanol extract at an average of 10.66 mm were the most effective compared to the negative control and the rest of the extracts, The results showed that T.mentagrophytes with an average of 12.11 mm and F.oxysporeum with an average of 11.48 mm were the most affected by plant extracts compared to other tested fungi .
as demonstrated by the presence of different concentrations of flavonoids vehicles and Catechim , Quercetin , Rutin , Kampferol and Tannins and that the two compounds Quercetin and Catechim two most focused ppm 0.2 and 0.36, respectively.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Tikrit Journal of Pure Science is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the article, alter and revise the article, and make commercial use of the article (including reuse and/or resale of the article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made, and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work. The authors hold the copyright for their published work on the Tikrit J. Pure Sci. website, while Tikrit J. Pure Sci. is responsible for appreciate citation of their work, which is released under CC-BY-4.0, enabling the unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction of an article in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
References
1- Miller. D.M. (2002). The taxonomy of Pelargonium species and cultivars, their origins and growth in the wild. Geranium and Pelargonium. The genera Geranium and Pelargonium. In Maria Lis-Balchin [ed.]. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles. Published by Taylor and Francis, London. pp. 49-79.
2- Meran . S.H.S.(2009) . Systematic study of the genera Biebersteinia Stephan and Geranium L. [Geraniaceae] in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Doctoral thesis , University of Sulaimany .Iraq.
3- Radulovic . N, Dekic . M , Stojanovic Radi´ C. Z .( 2011). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Geranium columbinum L. and G.lucidum L. [Geraniaceae]. Turk J Chem. Tubitak. 499 – 512
4- Öhretoulu. D. Sakar. M.K. Ekizoulu. M. Özalp. M. (2007). Free Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities of Three Geranium Species Growing in Turkey. Fabad J. Pharm. Sci., 32, 59-63.
5- Şöhretoğlu. D, Ekizoğlu. M, Özalp. M, Sakar.M.K.(2008). Free Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Geranium Species . Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy Volume 28 . Number 2 . pp. 115-124
6- Grand, A ., Verpoort , R., Wondergem, P.A . and Pousset , J.L.(1988). Anti-infection phytotherapies of tree-Sarannah Sengal [west-africa]. 11-Antimicrobial activity of 33 species. J. Ethanopharmacol., 22:25-31.
7- Ukida, M.; Akihisa, T.; Yasukawa, K.; Tokuda, H.; Suzuki, T. & Kimura, Y.(2006). Anti- in flammatory, anti- tumor promoting and cytotoxic activities of constituents of Marigold [Calendul aofficinallis] flowers. J. Nat. Prod., 96:1692- 1696.
8- Ahmad, M. & Nazil, S. (1989). Studies on tannins from bark of pinus roxburghi. J . Chem. Soc. Pakis., 15: 213- 217.
9- Shihata, I.M.(1951).Apharmacolo-gical study of Anagallis arvensis M.D. vet. Thesis Cairo University.
10- Newall, C. A.; Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. (1996). Herbal Medicines . A guide for Health care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press. London . pp:69-70.
11- Fahmy, I.R.(1933). "Constituents of plant crud drugs. Ist". Ed-Poul Barbey-Cairo. Egypt.
12- Harborne, J.B. (1973). Phtochemica methods, Aguide to modern techniques of plant analysis chapman and Hall Ltd. London. pp: 159-165.
13- Seal .T.(2016). Quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic acids, flavonoids and ascorbic acid in four different solvent extracts of two wild edible leaves, Sonchus arvensis and Oenanthe linearis of North-Eastern region in India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 (02), pp. 157-166
14- Mitscher, L.A. ,Leu, R. ,Bathala, M.S. ,Beal, J.L. and White, R.(1972). Antimicrobial agents from higher plants. lioydia ; 35:157-166 .
15- Egorove, N.S. [1985]. Antibiotics a scientific approach. Mir Publishers. Moscow.
16- Leyton, S,M; Beltramino. J.B. (2015). Evaluation of a Nipple Sealer Based on Brad Infusion. "Science Stays True Here .Biological and Chemical Research, Volume, 345-355 | Science Signpost Publishing
17- Pantev. A., Ivancheva. S., Staneva. L And Serkedjieva. J. (2006). Biologically Active Constituents of a Polyphenol Extract from Geranium sanguineum L. with Anti-Influenza Activity . Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, Tübingen . Naturforsch. 61c, 508-516
18- Fazary, A. E., Taha, M., & Ju, Y. H. (2008). Iron complexation studies of gallic acid. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 54(1), 35-42
19- Fecka. I. Kowalczyk. A. Cisowski. W. (2001). Phenolic Acids and Depsides from Some Species of the Erodium Genera. Z. Naturforsch. 56c, 943-950
20- Igwenyi, I. O. & Elekwa, A. E.(2016). Phytochemical Analysis and Determination of Vitamin Contents of Geranium Robertianum. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences [IOSR-JDMS]. e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 13, Issue 6 Ver. , PP 44-47.
21- Öhretoulu. D. Sakar. M.K. Sterner. O. (2011). Polyphenolic compounds from Geranium purpureum Vill. growing in Turkey. Turk J Chem 35, 809 – 814.0420 .
22- Bautista.M; Madrigal –Santillán.E; Morales-González. A; Gayosso–del ucio. J.A; Madrigal-Bujaidar.E; Chamorro -Cevallos. G; Álvarez -G onzález.I; Benedi.J; Aguilar -Faisal.J.L; Morales–González. J.A. (2015). An Alternative hepatoprotective and Antioxidant agent: The Geranium . Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. . 12(4): 96-105.