Feature Selection based on Genetic Algorithm for Classification of Mammogram Using K-means, k-NN and Euclidean Distance

Main Article Content

Kameran Adil Ibrahim

Abstract

There have been several supervised classification attempts for mammograms in the recent times, but very few research works have focused on unsupervised classification to explore its potentialities and weaknesses. I have in this paper attempted to utilize unsupervised clusters to classify malignant, and benign mammograms samples. MiniMIAS database has total 322 mammogram images out which 64 are benign and 51 are malignant. I used 115 images for my experimentation i.e. 64 benign and 51 malignant. Out of these 115, 60% were used for training and 40% for testing. Therefore from 64 benign cases 39 images were used for training and rest for testing, and out of 51 malignant cases 31 images were used for training and rest for testing., the classifications was done on the bases of the features selected using genetic algorithm. Attempts have also been made to study the performance of each feature selected by Genetic Algorithm (GA) in classification. The initially identified clusters using K-means are used to classify 60 unknown samples using k-NN. The proposed work got reasonably good results with 96.23% accuracy for malignant samples, 95.37% for benign. The proposed work can help the radiologists and oncologist as second opinion during screening sessions for early detection.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kameran Adil Ibrahim. (2023). Feature Selection based on Genetic Algorithm for Classification of Mammogram Using K-means, k-NN and Euclidean Distance. Tikrit Journal of Pure Science, 22(9), 106–112. https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i9.883
Section
Articles

References

(1) Tavassoli, F. Devilee, P. Pathology And Genetics

Of Tumours Of The Breast And Female Genital

Organs; 1st ed.; IAPS Press: Lyon, 2003.

(2) Jemal, A.; Center, M.; DeSantis, C.; Ward, E.

Global Patterns Of Cancer Incidence And Mortality

Rates And Trends. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers

& Prevention 2010, 19, 1893-1907.

(3) Omar, S., N. H. M. Alieldin, and O. M. N. Khatib.

"Cancer magnitude, challenges and control in the

Eastern Mediterranean region." (2007).

(4) Alwan, Nada AS. "commentaries Breast Cancer

Among Iraqi Women: Preliminary Findings From a

Regional Comparative Breast Cancer Research

Project." (2016).

(5) Alwan, Nada. "Iraqi initiative of a regional

comparative breast cancer research project in the

Middle East." J Cancer Biol Res 2.1 (2014): 1016.

(6) Tuceryan, Mihran, and Anil K. Jain. "Texture

analysis." Handbook of pattern recognition and

computer vision 2 (1993): 207-248.

(7) Man, Kim-Fung, Kit-Sang Tang, and Sam

Kwong. "Genetic algorithms: concepts and

applications." IEEE transactions on Industrial

Electronics 43.5 (1996): 519-534.

(8) Osowski, Stanislaw, et al. "Application of support

vector machine and genetic algorithm for improved

blood cell recognition." IEEE Transactions on

Instrumentation and Measurement 58.7 (2009): 2159-

2168.

(9) Akhter, Nazneen, et al. "Feature Selection for

Heart Rate Variability Based Biometric Recognition

Using Genetic Algorithm." Intelligent Systems

Technologies and Applications. Springer

International Publishing, 2016. 91-101.

(10) Dy, Jennifer G. "Unsupervised feature

selection." Computational methods of feature

selection (2008): 19-39.

(11) Cohen, Alexander L., et al. "Defining functional

areas in individual human brains using resting

functional connectivity MRI." Neuroimage 41.1

(2008): 45-57.

(12) Raba, David, et al. "Breast segmentation with

pectoral muscle suppression on digital

mammograms." Iberian Conference on Pattern

Recognition and Image Analysis. Springer Berlin

Heidelberg, 2005.

(13) Zimmerman, John B., et al. "An evaluation of

the effectiveness of adaptive histogram equalization

for contrast enhancement." IEEE Transactions on

Medical Imaging 7.4 (1988): 304-312.

(14) Srinivasan, G. N., and G. Shobha. "Statistical

texture analysis." Proceedings of world academy of

science, engineering and technology. Vol. 36. 2008.

(15) Bharati, Manish H., J. Jay Liu, and John F.

MacGregor. "Image texture analysis: methods and

comparisons. "Chemometrics and intelligent

laboratory systems 72.1 (2004): 57-71.

(16) Haralick, Robert M. "Statistical and structural

approaches to texture." Proceedings of the IEEE 67.5

(1979): 786-804.

(17) Gaike, Vrushali, et al. "Application of higher

order GLCM features on mammograms." Electrical,

Computer and Communication Technologies

(ICECCT), 2015 IEEE International Conference on.

IEEE, 2015.

(18) Gaike, Vrushali, et al. "Clustering of breast

cancer tumor using third order GLCM feature."

Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT),

2015 International Conference on. IEEE, 2015.

(19) Shaikh, Shazia, Hanumant Gite, Ramesh R.

Manza, K. V. Kale, and Nazneen Akhter.

"Segmentation of Thermal Images Using

Thresholding-Based Methods for Detection of

Malignant Tumours." In The International

Symposium on Intelligent Systems Technologies and

Applications, pp. 131-146. Springer International

Publishing, 2016.

(20) Shaikh, Shazia, Nazneen Akhter, and Ramesh R.

Manza. "Application of Image Processing Techniques

for Characterization of Skin Cancer Lesions using

Thermal Images." Indian Journal of Science and

Technology 9.15 (2016).

(21) Akhter, Nazneen, et al. "Heart-Based Biometrics

and Possible Use of Heart Rate Variability in

Biometric Recognition Systems." Advanced

Computing and Systems for Security. Springer India,

2016. 15-29.