Some haematological and biochemical parameters assessments in sheep infection by Haemonchus contortus
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study was conducted on (100) sheep naturally infested with Haemonchus contortus, (1-3 years old), in Tikrit city, from ist January 2014 to 31th May 2014. Affected sheep exhibited clinical signs included, emaciation, weakness, pale mucous membranes, rough, easily detached and lusterless coat. Ten ml of blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of all the sheep's using disposable syringes, then take 2.5 ml from blood sample was used to determine CBC the Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) , Haemoglobin estimation (Hb), Packed cells Volume (PCV). The study showed reduction in RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and neutrophils (4.7±0.68), (6±0.74), (18±0.19), and (20±0.73) respectively. And reveled leukocytosis; Lymphocyte, eosinophil's and monocyte (11.6± 0.41), (65± 0.51), (10± 0.64) and (5± 0.29) respectively in infected sheep. and the remind samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minute and serum was separated and stored at -20 °c until used for measure the biochemical change by use spectrophotometer. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the rates of total protein concentration, albumin , iron, and zinc (5.02± 0.59 g/dl), (1.7 ± 0.45g/dl), (89.3 ± 12.41 µg/dl), (42.37± 16.22 µg/dl) respectively in the serum of infected sheep according the compared with normal sheep.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Tikrit Journal of Pure Science is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the article, alter and revise the article, and make commercial use of the article (including reuse and/or resale of the article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made, and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work. The authors hold the copyright for their published work on the Tikrit J. Pure Sci. website, while Tikrit J. Pure Sci. is responsible for appreciate citation of their work, which is released under CC-BY-4.0, enabling the unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction of an article in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
References
1- H. U. Husnain, and R. H. Usmani (2006). Livestock of Pakistan. 1st Ed. Livestock Foundation, Islamabad.
2- C. S.Hayat, S. M. Hussain, Z. Iqbal, B. Hayat, and M. Akhtar. 1996. Effect of parasitic nematodes on haematology and productivity of sheep. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 16: 81-83.
3- R. A. Mir, M. Z. Chishti, M. A. Zargar., H. Tak and S. A. Ganie (2007).Clinocopathological changes in sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus World J. Agric. Sci., 3(5): 562-566.
4- D. Jasmer, K.K. Lahmers, W.C. Brown (2007) Haemonchus contortus intestine: a prominent source of mucosal antigens. Parasitol Immunol 29:139–151.
5- G.M. Urquhart, J. Armour, J.L. Ducan, A.M. Dunn and F. W. Jennings.Veterinary parasitology ,2nd. Ed., Blackwell Science,pp 1-22. , 1996.
6- H. Nayebzadeh; Seyfiabad Shapouri, M. R.; N. Hoghooghi-Rad, and B. Masouri, (2008). Immunization of Arabian sheep with whole gut homogenate of Haemonchus contortus. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, Shiraz University, Vol. 9, No. 4, Ser. No. 25.
7- Z. Iqbal, And A. Jabbar, (2005). Dealing with a threat. url: http: // www.dawn.com/ weekly/science/archive/050416/science4.htm.
8- H.A. Bachaya, Z. Iqbal, A. Jabbar and R. Ali (2006). Copping with loss of livestock. http://www.dawn.com/2006/02/26/eber5.htm.
9- N. C. Jain (1993). Essentials of veterinary haematology. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
10- D. K. Sharma, P. P. S. Chauhan, R. D. Agrawal (2001). Changes in the levels of serum enzymes and total protein during experimental Haemonchosis in Barbari goats. Small rumin. Res., . 42(2): 119-123.
11- M. F. Qamar, and A. Maqbool (2012) Biochemical studies and serodiagnosis of haemonchosis in sheep and goats. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 22(1): 32-38.
12- S. N. Chiejina (1987). Parasitic gastroenteritis in cattle and small ruminants: pathogenesis diagnosis and treatment. Zariya Vet., 2(2): 45-64.
13- A.D. Abakar; E.A. El Amin and A.Y. Osman (2000). Clinical Response to Experimental Haemonchus contortus Infection in Desert Lambs. The Sudan J. Vet.Res(1999-2000) 16:1-10.
14- G. A. Albers, G. D. Gray, L. F. Le Jambre , I. A. Barger and J. S. Barker (1990): The effect of Haemonchus contortus infection on hematological parameters in young merino sheep and its significance for productivity. Animal Productive, 50: 99-100.
15- , H.U.R. Siddiqui and R.D. Cameron(2005). Effect of Haemonchus contortus Infection and Nutrition on Glucose and Trace Elements. INT. J. AGRI. BIO. 1560–8530/07–2–281–284.
16- L.M. Gibbons, D.E. Jacobs, M.T. Fox & J. Hansen (2012). ‘The RVC/FAO guide to veterinary diagnostic parasitology. Faecal examination of farm
animals for helminth parasites’, viewed 19 October 2012, from http://www.rvc.ac.uk/review/Parasitology /Index/Index.htm.
17- E.J.L. Soulsby (1982) Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals, 7th edn. The English Language Book Society and Bailliere, Tindall.
18- Anon (1977).Manual of veterinary parasitological laboratory techniques, Ministry of agriculture, Fisheries and Food.Agricultural Development Advising Services, Technical Bulletin, No. 18. 2 nd ed. pp. 67-68.
19- E.H. Coles (1986). Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Fourth edition. W.B. Saunders Company. Philadelphia.
20- D. L. Coffin (1995) Manual of Veterinary and Clinical Pathology. 3rd Edi, Comst. Pub. Ass. Inc. Ithaca., New York.
21- N.W. Tietz (1999). Text book of Clinical Chemistry. 3rd Ed., C.A.Burtis, E.R. Ashwood,W.B. Saunders, pp 477-530.
22- Johnsen and R. Eliasson (1987). Evaluation of a commercially available kit for the colorimetric determination of zinc. International Journal of Andrology, April 10 (2):435-440.
23- N.T. Al-Mohammed, K.M. Al-Rawi, M.A. Younis and W.K. Al-Morani (1986) . Principles of statistics . Univ. Mousal.
24- E.S. Siham, A.E. Karrar, S.M.M. El Amin (1997). Clinical picture and chemotherapy of experimental Haemonchus contortus and coccidial infection in goats. Sudan J Vet Sci Anim Husbandry 36(1–2):158–166.
25- D.K. Sharma, P.P.S. Chauhan, R.D. Agrawal (2000). Haematological changes in experimental haemonchosis in Barbari goats. J Anim Sci 70(4): 353–355.
26- E.J.L. Soulsby (1976). Pathophysiology of parasitic infection. Academic Press, New York.
27- T.S. Abdel Ali (1992). Haematological and biochemical studies on efficiency of synthetic drugs against gastrointestinal nematode parasites in sheep. Aus. Vet. J. Med., 42 : 197-203.
28- A. S. Gadre, D.K. Maske, C.G. Panchbhai, T.R. Gawande, S.W. Kolte and A.K. Sirothia (2008). Haematological changes in naturally infected dairy animals at central zone of Vidarbha. Veterinary World, 1(2) : 47-48.
29- N. Bakker; L. Vervelde; Kanobano, D.P. Knox, A.W. Cornelissen; E. devries and A.P. Yatsuda (2004). Vaccination against the nematode H. contortus with a thiolbinding fraction from the excretory, secretory products (ES). Vaccine, Vol. 22, Iss. 5-6; 619-629.
30- I. R. Tak , S. A. Dar, J. S. Dar, B.A. Ganai, M.Z. Chishti and F. Ahmad (2014). A Brief Study of Morphology of Haemonchus contortus and its Hematophagous Behaviour. Global Veterinaria 13 (6): 960-965.
31- F. Q. Muhammad (2009). Epidemeiology, serodiagnosis, economic losses and control of Haomonchosis in sheep and goats. A thesis of doctor of philosophy in parasitology. University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences lahore.
32- A. M. Bahrami, E. Hosseini and M. Razmjo (2012). Study Pathophysiological of sheep glands infected with helminthes. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2 (6):2471-2480.
33- T. K. Bhat and R. L. Sharma, (1990). Haematologicalalterations in experimental Dictyocaululus filarial infection in sheep. Riv. Di.Pasasit., 49:197-201.
34- P. Douglas; D.P. Jasmer; F. Karanu; C. William; W. C. Davis and T. Mcguire (2003). Abomasal lymph node response to H. contortus intestinal antigens established in kid goats by infection or immunization with intestinal antigens. Parasite Imunol. Vol. 25. Iss. 2, 59.
35- A. Balic, V. M. Bowles and E. N. Meeusen, (2002). Mechanism of immunity to Haemonchus contortus infection to sheep. ParasitolImmunol., 24(1): 39-46.
36- G. Terefe, H. T. Yacob, C. Grisez, F. Prevot, E. Dumas, J.P. Bergeaud, P. Dorchies, H. Hoste and J. Jacquiet (2005). Haemonchus contortus egg excretion and female length reduction in sheep previously infected with Oestrusovis (Diptera: Oestridae) larvae. Vet. Parasitol.128: 271–283.
37- A.E. Butterworth (1980). Transact. Roy. Soci. . Trop. Med. .Hyg. 74:38-48.
38- S.K. Salaman and J. L. Duncan (1985). J. Helminthol. 59(4) 351-359.
39- M.S. Bhat, N.A. Sudhan and A.Q. Mir (2004). Haematobiochemical Studies in sheep infected with natural gastrointestinal namatodiasis. Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 24(2): 76-78.
40- B.M. Buddle; G. Jowett; R.S. Green; P.G.C. Douch and P.L. Risdon (1992). Association of blood eosinophilia with the expression of resistance in Romney lambs to nematodes, Int. J. Parasit. 26: 951-962.
41- F.J. Angulo-Cubillán, L. García-Coiradas, M. Cuquerella, C. de la Fuente, J.M. Alunda (2007). Haemonchus contortus–sheep relationship:a review. Relación haemonchus contortus-ovino: una revisión.
Rev Cient 17:577–587.
42- A. Eslami (2006). Veterinary helminthology. Nematoda Acanthocephala III:350–397.
43- S. Kozat, Y. Göz, B. H. Yörük (2007). Some Trace Elements and Vitamins A, C, and E Levels in Ewes Infected with Gastrointestinal Parasites. Yyü Vet Fak Derg, 18(2):9-12.
44- R.N. Shi, M.E. Scott, K.G..Koski, M. Boulay & M.M. Stevenson (1995). Energy restriction and severe zinc deficiency influence growth, survival and reproduction of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda) during primary and challenge infections in mice. Parasitology 110,599-609.